Urdu

Urdu (/ˈʊərduː/; Urdu: اُردُو‎ ALA-LC: Urdū; IPA: [ˈʊrd̪uː], or Modern Standard Urdu) is a standardised and Persianisedregister of the Hindustani language. It is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan, and an official language of six states of India. It is also one of the 22 official languages recognized in the Constitution of India.

Urdu is historically associated with the Muslims of the region of Hindustan. Apart from specialized vocabulary, Urdu is mutually intelligible with Standard Hindi, which is associated with the Hindu community. The Urdu language received recognition and patronage under British rule when the British replaced the Persian and local official languages with the Urdu and English languages in the North Indian regions of Jammu and Kashmir in 1846 and Punjab in 1849.

Origin

Urdu, like Hindi, is a form of Hindustani. It evolved from the medieval (6th to 13th century) Apabhraṃśa register of the preceding Shauraseni language, a Middle Indo-Aryan language that is also the ancestor of other modern languages, including the Punjabi dialects. Urdu developed under the influence of the Persian and Arabic languages, both of which have contributed a significant amount of vocabulary to formal speech. Around 99% of Urdu verbs have their roots in Sanskrit and Prakrit.

Urdu (band)

Urdu was an experimental pop music group that formed in California, USA in 1983. It was a trio consisting of ambient musician and multi-instrumentalist Robert Rich, guitarist Rick Davies and bassist Andrew McGowan. This group marked the culmination of a five-year period of experimental collaborations between Rich and Davies. Davies once described Urdu's style as "loud, angular glurp music", glurp being a term used by Rich to describe his vocabulary of seemingly organic sounds.

They performed several concerts in the San Francisco Bay Area. One of their last performances as Urdu was a live radio broadcast in 1984. Some of their accumulated recordings were released as a self-titled cassette album the following year.

In the years that followed, Rich received increased attention for his solo ambient work. In 1992 Robert Rich and Andrew McGowan formed a quartet called Amoeba. In 1994 Robert Rich and Rick Davies formed a second version of Amoeba.

Discography

Urdu (disambiguation)

Urdu may refer to:

See also

Lesson

A lesson is a structured period of time where learning is intended to occur. It involves one or more students (also called pupils or learners in some circumstances) being taught by a teacher or instructor. A lesson may be either one section of a textbook (which, apart from the printed page, can also include multimedia) or, more frequently, a short period of time during which learners are taught about a particular subject or taught how to perform a particular activity. Lessons are generally taught in a classroom but may instead take place in a situated learning environment.

In a wider sense, a lesson is an insight gained by a learner into previously unfamiliar subject-matter. Such a lesson can be either planned or accidental, enjoyable or painful. The colloquial phrase "to teach someone a lesson", means to punish or scold a person for a mistake they have made in order to ensure that they do not make the same mistake again.

Lessons can also be made entertaining. When the term education is combined with entertainment, the term edutainment is coined.

Lesson (disambiguation)

A lesson is a structured period of time where learning is intended to occur.

Lesson or lessons may also refer to:

Books

People

Film and TV

TV

Lessons (The Wire)

"Lessons" is the eighth episode of the first season of the HBO original series The Wire. The episode was written by David Simon from a story by David Simon and Ed Burns and was directed by Gloria Muzio. It originally aired on July 21, 2002.

Plot summary

The street

One of Wallace's young charges wakes him for help with their math homework. Wallace appears unusually tired and irritable, but he awakes to assist with the child's school work anyway. The young kid is unable to do a simple story problem. Wallace asks a similar question, but uses the language of the drug business, instead of busses, which the kid solves in seconds. Poot shows up during the math lesson and encourages Wallace to come to work rather than lying around all day, which he has frequently been doing recently. He is reluctant and refuses to leave his room. He then asks to borrow money from Poot, who begrudgingly obliges. Afterward, Poot reports his concerns over Wallace's activities to D'Angelo, who wants to talk with Wallace face-to-face. Meanwhile, at the print shop (a Barksdale front), Stringer berates the staff for not acting like professionals.